a copy of the foregoing Preamble, Ordinance, and Resolutions to the Governors of An Ordinance to dissolve the union between the State of Alabama and the other States united under the compact styled "The Constitution of the United States of America" Geographic exposure to conflict between larger neighboring states also deterred secession in Delaware and Maryland. 2. White Georgians, along with other white southerners, disagreed over whether secession was a constitutional right (embodied in the national compact that grew out of . They did so in order to protect the institution of slavery. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. These are great resources to use in the classroomI do an exercise with these documents whenever I teach secession to my studentsbut also for those who want to engage in the practice of history and better understand the causes of secession. Schultz, Fred L. (Patricia L. Faust ed.). Be it declared and ordained by the people of the State of Alabama in Convention assembled, That the State of Alabama now withdraws, and is hereby withdrawn from the Union known as "the United States of America," and henceforth ceases to be one of said United States, and is, and of right ought to be, a Sovereign and Independent State. This act to take effect and be in force from and after its passage. This edition is from Ordinances and Constitution of the State of Alabama (1861). Dr. Kathleen Logothetis Thompson graduated with her Ph.D. from West Virginia University in 2017. Write your response below: In Convention assembled, That the State of Alabama now withdraws, and is hereby withdrawn from the Union known as "the United States of America," and henceforth ceases to be one of said United States The governor sent a force to take the Fort Smith arsenal, and Arkansas regiments began organizing to fight for the South. AN ORDINANCE to repeal the ratification of the Constitution of the United State of America by the State of Virginia, and to resume all the rights and powers granted under said Constitution. . It represents the turmoil that states in the Upper South faced when picking sides during the war. Florida's Ordinance of Secession . In Kentucky, whose potential secession Unionists particularly feared,[4] both the legislature and public opinion firmly opposed secession. Therefore we, the people of the State of Arkansas, in convention assembled, do hereby declare and ordain, and it is hereby declared and ordained, That the "ordinance and acceptance of compact" passed and approved by the General Assembly of the State of Arkansas on the 18th day of October, A.D. 1836, whereby it was by said General Assembly ordained that by virtue of the authority vested in said General Assembly by the provisions of the ordinance adopted by the convention of delegates assembled at Little Rock for the purpose of forming a constitution and system of government for said State, the propositions set forth in "An act supplementary to an act entitled `An act for the admission of the State of Arkansas into the Union, and to provide for the due execution of the laws of the United States within the same, and for other purposes,'" were freely accepted, ratified, and irrevocably confirmed, articles of compact and union between the State of Arkansas and the United States, and all other laws and every other law and ordinance, whereby the State of Arkansas became a member of the Federal Union, be, and the same are hereby, in all respects and for every purpose herewith consistent, repealed, abrogated, and fully set aside; and the union now subsisting between the State of Arkansas and the other States, under the name of the United States of America, is hereby forever dissolved. These delegates came mainly from cities where there were few slaves, or from northern Alabama where small farmers still adhered to Andrew Jacksons notion of an indivisible Union. and menacing a character as to justify the people of the State of Alabama in the Name: Mackenzie Gregory Date: 04/11/23 School: PCHS Facilitator: Lydia Ellis 6.05 Secession Total Points: 40 Part 1: Secession and We do further declare and ordain, That all rights acquired and vested under the Constitution of the United States, or any act of Congress, or treaty, or under any law of this State, and not incompatible with this ordinance, shall remain in force and have the same effect as if this ordinance had not been passed. Be it resolved by the people of Alabama in Convention assembled, That the people of the States of Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky and Missouri, be and are hereby invited to meet the people of the State of Alabama, by their Delegates, in consulting with each other as to the most effectual mode of securing concerted Alabamainfohub.com acknowledges that the information provided on this website is for information purposes only. These two states remained within the Union, but were regarded by the Confederacy as having seceded. . In 1860 Davis was on the Douglas electoral ticket and spoke in North Alabama in opposition to the secession movement. Date:1861. The waving of the southern cross was referenced in The Civil War Day by Day (E.B. Jefferson Davis of Mississippi was elected president. The South Secedes. Be it resolved by the people of Alabama in Convention assembled, That the people of the States of Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky and Missouri, be and are hereby invited to meet the people of the State of Alabama, by their Delegates, in Convention, on the 4th day of February, A.D., 1861, at the city of Montgomery, in the State of Alabama, for the purpose of consulting with each other as to the most effectual mode of securing concerted and harmonious action in whatever measures may be deemed most desirable for our common peace and security. Copyright 2023 The Dorothy Tapper Goldman Foundation. Order # 28. The first describes the change from the territorial to the state form of government, and the second describes the secession of Alabama from the United States. While Lincoln and his colleagues were not necessarily abolitionists and did not advocate for erasing slavery in the Southern states, they did argue that slavery was a threat to the liberty of Northern, white men (free labor ideology) and advocated for restricting the expansion of slavery outside the states where it was already located. Voters rejected the convention, and by extension, any secession. 2. WHEREAS, The Federal Government has failed to accomplish the purposes of the compact of union between these States, in giving protection either to the persons of our people upon an exposed frontier, or to the property of our citizens, and Alabama, in Convention assembled, That the State of Alabama now withdraws, and Feb 24 secession secession political movement ben fitzpatrick (cooperationists) (immediatists) unionists? This edition is from Ordinances and Constitution of the State of Alabama (1861). Be it further ordained, That the unconstitutional edicts of a factious majority of a Legislature thus false to their pledges, their honor, and their interests are not law, and that such a government is unworthy of the support of a brave and free people, and that we do therefore declare that the people are thereby absolved from all allegiance to said government, and that they have a right to establish any government which to them may seem best adapted to the preservation of their rights and liberties. July 26, 2018. the people of Alabama to meet the slaveholding States of the South, who may AN ORDINANCE to dissolve the union now existing between the State of Arkansas and the other States united with her under the compact entitled "The Constitution of the United States of America." Peter Brannon of the Alabama Department of Archives and History the flag was not officially adopted as the Republic of Alabama flag. When Confederate armies invaded Kentucky in 1862, bringing extra arms to equip new volunteers, briefly seizing the state capital, and installing an ephemeral state government, local recruitment proved weak and Union forces soon decisively defeated the invasion. Your email address will not be published. ________________________________________NORTH CAROLINA Governor Moores order of the past week to seize U.S. forts and military installations was retroactively endorsed. Complete and original . 1861, at the city of Montgomery, in the State of Alabama, for the purpose of Carolina, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee, On January 11, 1861, a convention of elected delegates passed an ordinance withdrawing Alabama . Dr. Kathleen Logothetis Thompson graduated with her Ph.D. from West Virginia University in 2017. Union military intervention quickly restored Union control, first in St. Louis, then throughout nearly the whole state. Many were cooperationists who either leaned against seceding or favored a more moderate path out of the Union. The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. The force of events moved very quickly upon the election of Lincoln. Lewis Cass, stationed at Mobile to collect U.S. tariffs. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. The First American President: Setting the Precedent, African Americans During the Revolutionary War, Help Save 820 Acres at Five Virginia Battlefields, Save 343 Acres at FIVE Battlefields in FOUR Western Theater States, Save 42 Historic Acres at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Phase Three of Gaines Mill-Cold Harbor Saved Forever Campaign, An Unparalleled Preservation Opportunity at Gettysburg Battlefield. The Ordinance of Secession, adopted on 1861 Jan. 11, is the document which declared "An Ordinance to dissolve the Union between the State of Alabama and other states united under the compact styled The Constitution of the United States of America.". One-stop destination for complete information on all trending topics related to Alabama state. Secession Documents: Alabama Civil Discourse Alabama was the fourth state to secede from the Union on January 11, 1861. The legislature voted to hold an election on December 22 for the selection of delegates for an upcoming Secession Convention. and harmonious action in whatever measures may be deemed most desirable for our Secession, as it applies to the outbreak of the American Civil War, comprises the series of events that began on December 20, 1860, and extended through June 8 of the next year when eleven states . The secession convention had 69 delegates representing Florida's 36 counties. Secession Acts of the Thirteen Confederate States. ). Sec. Alabama was the fourth state to secede from the Union on January 11, 1861. Secession. We do further declare and ordain, That the State of Louisiana hereby resumes all rights and powers heretofore delegated to the Government of the United States of America; that her citizens are absolved from all allegiance to said Government; and that she is in full possession and exercise of all those rights of sovereignty which appertain to a free and independent State. Originally published serially in newspapers. . Be it ordained, That we do hereby forever sever our connection with the Government of the United States, and in the name of the people we do hereby declare Kentucky to be a free and independent State, clothed with all power to fix her own destiny and to secure her own rights and liberties. Be it resolved by the people of Alabama in Convention assembled. This page is not available in other languages. Said that if a woman insulted a Confederate Soldier that she would no longer be treated like a lady. While secession and the lead up to the Civil War were very complex, conflict over slavery was certainly central to the Souths decision to leave the Union. The document contains the reasons for secession laid out by delegates of the people of Texas in Convention, and includes the names of those delegates, with O. M. Roberts, President, at the top of the list. Thousands of pro-Union voters voted for a secession convention aiming that it should fail. The secession of South Carolina was followed by the secession of six more statesMississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas-and the threat of secession by four moreVirginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina. The Secession Convention met in Tallahassee on January 3, 1861, and passed, on January 10, the Ordinance of Secession. Appomattox Courthouse. A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of Records of Ante-Bellum Southern . Now, therefore, we, the people of Virginia, do declare and ordain, That the ordinance adopted by the people of this State in convention on the twenty-fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight, whereby the Constitution of the United States of America was ratified, and all acts of the General Assembly of this State ratifying and adopting amendments to said Constitution, are hereby repealed and abrogated; that the union between the State of Virginia and the other States under the Constitution aforesaid is hereby dissolved, and that the State of Virginia is in the full possession and exercise of all the rights of sovereignty which belong and appertain to a free and independent State.
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